Category: Criminology Licensure Exam (CLE) Reviewer

What classification taken into consideration the thumbs of both hands (ridge tracing for whorl types and ridge counting for loop type?

How many degrees must you add to the DNA rating to denote double emulsion speed?

Which of the following is also called “delta” in fingerprint examination?

What do you call the inner terminals of the focal point located at the center of the approximate center of the pattern area?

Which of the following is a type of secondary classification?

There are two types of color films, the negative and the reversal. Which of the following suffix indicates the negative one?

How would photographer adjust or set the shutter speed or his camera if his objective is to freeze the action of the moving objects

How is the serial number of the firearm restored?

The common method which a forger will be use to disguise his handwriting is to

What is the method of identification discovered in 1985 by Prof. Alec Jeffreys in United kingdom?

What is the procedure of shadowing a portion of an image to hold back light during the part of the printing exposure?

A kind of shutter that are light proof contains usually of rubberized black cloth but sometimes extremely thin and flexible metal mounted on spring tension roller

What is the procedure of shadowing a pattern of an image to held backlight of the printing exposures?

A German physicist discovered a light sensitive materials with a property of a silver salts that is responsible for a changed of a silver salts in 1727

Range finder focusing system that the object appeared double when the lens is out of focus or not in a proper distance

Standard movement of a camera that is adjusted when the lens board and the film holder are rotated top to bottom from the vertical position

The function of the boric and acetic acid in the fixer

The combination of blue and green light will produce what color?

Camera accessory attached to the shutter to prevent accident movement of the camera during the exposure period.

Chemical used as an accelerator in a developer solution

Using this camera the entire coverage is seen behind the lens the image is reflected to the viewer and it enables the photographer to compose and focus the objct being photograph

A photographic positive made while exposing the photographic papers being held tightly against a negative

It is a coating which consists of light sensitive silver salts in a gelatin medium used for all photographic films and papers

The chemical processing step wherein the latent image recorded on the paper or film becomes visible

Mechanics of focusing used to measure the angle of converging or the light coming from a subject as seen from two apertures.

Its primary functions are to prevent the contamination of two chemical solutions in chemical processing in photography.

In enlarging a photograph what would be the ideal paper for printing?

In photography hat determines how effectively a moving object can be stopped that is how sharply it can be reproduced without blurring or streaking in the final image

Is the failure of different colored light rays to focus after passing through a lens locating of light or different point resulting in a blurred image

One film maybe rated ISO 100 and another film ISO 200. This means that the 200 films are twice as fast (twice more sensitive to light than ISO-100 film. This statement is

Which film suitable for general use in the preparation of black and white photography because it produces the most natural recording of colors?

An instrument design to permit the firearms, examines to determine the similarity between two fired bullets or two fired shells by simultaneously observing their magnified image in a single microscope fields

He was an insurance agent in New York who patented the first practical fountain pen containing its own ink reservoir

It is the crime of making circulating or uttering false coins and bank notes. Literally means to make a copy of or imitate to make a spurious resemblance of a money or stamps with the intent to deceive or defraud.

Who was the given the fame title as the father of dactyloscopy?

What test is given if the subject of interrogation is not yet informed of the offense for which he is being interrogated by the investigation or by other persons from other sources like the print media.

In the practice of polygraphy what do call question unrelated to the matter under investigation bur are of similar nature although less serious as compared to those relevant questions under investigation?

Which of the following statement is not true of a lie detector?

What is the best desirable statement at the end of the interview?

What is that external examination of the dead body without incision being made although blood and other fluids maybe collected for examination?

What is that pattern of fingerprint bounded by the type lines, where the characteristics needed for interpretation classification is found?

What photography makes use of a microscope and is used to record minute evidence such as powdered debris, stains, hairs and fibers?

What is the flat two innermost ridges running parallel with each other and diverging at a certain point surrounding the pattern area?

What is that download slope of the ridges above the core formed from the direction of the thumb towards the little finger?

Which of this test are by far the most useful techniques in the laboratory for the accelerations?

The lens opening also known as the relative aperture is the indicator for light transmitting capacity of the lens. Which lens openings adopt more light to pass through its medium?

What component of the polygraph machine records the changes in the breathing of the subject?

The act setting two or more items side by side to weight their identifying qualities; it refers not only a visual but also the mental act in which the element of one item are related to the counterparts of the other

A kind of document examination the document is viewed with the source of illumination behind it and the light passing through the paper to determine the presence of erasures matching of serrations and some other types of alteration

What is known as the blotting out or smearing over the writing to make the original invisible to as addition

When a document is issued and notarized by a notary public or competent official with solemnities required by law it is called

Symbolized by letter W in the fingerprint classification. It is fingerprint pattern which there are two deltas and in which at least one ridge a turn through one computer circuit.

The notorious gangster and police character who attempted to erase his fingerprint by burning them with acid but as time went by the ridges were again restored to their natural features.

A noted British anthropologist who began his observation which lead to the publication in 1882 of his book “fingerprints’ that established the individuality of classifying fingerprint patterns.

In Hougly district of Bengal India he used fingerprints to prevent fraudulent collection any past account and for identification of other documents. He was the father of chiroscopy “

The bending of light around and object gives rise to the phenomenon called

These are depressions or canals between the ridges of fingerprint which maybe compared with the low area in a tire tread

In fingerprinting the space between shoulders of a loop free of any appendage and abutting at right angle

What test is given if a subject of interrogation is not yet informed at the details of the offense for which he is being interrogated by the investigation or by other person or from other sources like the print media.

A medium that divert or absorb light but does not allow lights to pass through they absorb most of the light while reflecting some of it is called

In police photography studies what are called of thin unistinous light sensitive coating that reacts chemically is capture the color and shading of a scene.

The first leading judicial decision in the Philippine jurisprudence on the science of fingerprinting was the case of

Under the management of lt. Dorby during the American occupation in the Philippines a modern and complete fingerprints that has been established for the Philippine commonwealth in 1937 the first Filipino fingerprint technician employed by the Philippine constabulary was.

A device that fits over the muzzle of the barrel to muffle the sound of gunshot. Most work by baffling the escape of gases.

A metal rod or plate that strikes the cartridge primer to detonate the powder

The metal tube trough the bullet is fired is called

The old form of gun powder invented over a thousand years ago and consisting of nitrate charcoal and sulphur

A physical injury wherein the offended victim incapacitated with work or requires medical assistance for 10 days or more but not more than 30 days.

Among the following which has the greater value in scientific examination or identification?

Circumscribed extravation of blood or subcutaneous tissue or underneath the mocus membrane.

Comprehensive study of dead body performed by a trained physician to determine the cause of death.

In molecular death of individual cells can be within?

The different test to determine peripheral circulation are the following

The following are types of medical evidence, except

Second classification of explosives is called.

The noise created at the muzzle point of the gun due to the sudden escape of the expanding gas coming in contact with the air in the surrounding atmosphere at the muzzle point is called.

Spectrographic voice analysis has not gained the degree of general acceptability to make it admissible in most courts mostly due to limited number of experts. In most cases the courts is allowed to hear the samples itself. It is most often in cases involving telephone threats or tape recorded messages by investigators and not forensic scientists.

The introductory backward strokes added to the start of many capital letters and which can also be see occasionally in introductory strokes of small letters

Long acceptance the techniques showing that a certain documents come from a certain typewriter have required by way qualification. In some cases a expert can tell if a certain person typed the document based upon personal style characteristics in manner of punctuation, length of lines, depth of indentation etc. more recently computer printer is a new development.

The best way to discover latent prints is view the area.

This can refer to the work of crime unit or a free-lance gun expert who is capable of examining cartridge cases, shells and ammunition of all types. Garments and object are also sometimes examined in terms of discharged residue. Firearms identification rely upon some the same principles as tool mark experts.

This states that the greater number points of similarities and variations between two persons, the greater the probability of the conclusion to be accurate.

These measures detect and graphically display voice modulation.

A very well established area where an average officers testify, they obtain a latent prints from the crime scene, but to connect them with a known suspect usually required an AFIS certified training at national or regional crime lab and police departments. Under some circumstances the courts will allow average officers to testify. Usually enlarge photographs and other exhibits demonstrate the point of comparison upon which the conclusion was reached.

This is being well established but frequently challenged. The courts will allow testimony showing that the bullet which killed a person was fired from a weapon belonging to the defendant. Likewise testimony as to breach and or firing pin markings, striation pattern and gun powder residue is commonly accepted. Glass and wound pattern analysis has yet to gain widespread acceptance. There are a variety of different of these techniques but they all usually have to do with science of motion for projectile

A growing area of fraud and white collar crime investigation. With white collar crime requires almost the equivalent of a degree in accounting is reactily attainable through certification program. This kind of examination ascertains the authenticity or source of handwriting or type writing. Experts are involved in the analysis of paper and ink. Obliterations and erasures. Some insurance fraud arson investigators have a specialty with burner or charred documents.

A mayor executed a document in his legal capacity as a local executive, that document is classified as:

As a general rule, the font size of the legal document should be:

In the documentation of the physical evidences, it has been suggested to label all connectors and cable end to allow reassembly as needed. Therefore, if the socket is marked with “A”, the cable end should be marked with:

Which of the following classification of drug abusers who use drugs to keep them awake or for additional energy to perform an important work. Such individual may or may not exhibit psychological dependence?

A line up usually consists of how many persons?

When the heat transferred is through a circulating medium, usually air or liquid, it is said to be:

In the efficient use of paper rule set by the Supreme Court, the lower margin should be:

Which of the following is the law that rose the age of consent from 12 years of age to 16 years old?

They produce effects opposite to that of the depressants because instead of bringing about relaxation and sleep, they produce increased mental alertness, wakefulness, reduce hunger, and provide a feeling of well being. Abrupt withdrawal of the drug from the heavy abuser can result in a deep and suicidal depression.

What is the means of using descriptive terms in relation to the personal features of an individual and it can be briefly described as a word of description or spoken picture? Its objective is to obtain information or description of suspects from whom the agent interviews.

Before turning either left or right be sure to give a signal at least ____ meters before you make the turn. This gives ample time and consideration to vehicles following behind.

Discoloration of the body after death; setting of blood in the dependent portions of the body following death). It is a reddish purple to purple coloration in dependent areas of the body due to accumulation of blood in the small vessels of the dependent areas secondary to gravity.

If the area to be searched large and is divided into quadrants and each searcher is assigned to one quadrant, search is:

After the completion of the search, an effort must be made to determine from the appearance of the place and its objects what actually occurred and what the circumstances of the crime were. This is known as reconstructing the crime. If your are the investigator-on-case, you interview several witnesses and examines the position of physical evidences, what kind of reconstruction do you obtain?

It is a psychoactive plant that contains psychotropic properties one of which is the alkaloid Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, an active ingredient of anti asthma drugs used in over the counter medications. It is also an essential chemical precursor in the production of Methamphetamine or Amphetamine drugs. Methamphetamine Hydrochloride commonly known as Shabu is a product derived from this plant through chemical processes.

Which of the following is not an element of a fire tetrahedron theory?

This is the lifeblood of investigation and hence to be considered seriously and also to be followed up. Once it dries you have nowhere to go.

The space between sentences in a legal form:

Person ABC is the stepfather of Person CDX. One day, Person ABC got very mad at Person CDX for failing in various subjects in college. Due to his anger, Person ABC got the leather suitcase of Person CDX and burned it together with all its contents. What crime was committed?

Consider yourself as part of a digital forensic search team. The subject of search is a clandestine room where suspected online child pornography is held. However, upon arrival at the scene, your team only saw turned off computers and two presumed to be foreign nationals on a drinking session. Applying your skills in cyber crime investigation, what will you do?

Considering that upon arrival at the crime scene, Investigator-on-case “A” found the crime already cordoned and secured by first responders, what shall he do?

Which of the following is a complete list of the first illicit drug route?

Upon arrival at the search scene, you saw a computer presumed to be owned by the suspect, with the monitor playing with a sexual graphic content. Knowing that you have a lady officer in the team, what will you do?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding exit wounds?

Is a lower echelon criminal recruited by a smuggling organization to cross a border carrying drugs, or sometimes an unknowing person in whose bag or vehicle the drugs are planted, for the purpose of retrieving them elsewhere.

Upon arrival at the scene, you observe that the color of the smoke is black accompanied by large red flames, what are the possible materials being consumed by fire in this scenario?

In cybercrime investigations this can be thought of as fingerprints of the files. The contents of a file are processed through a cryptographic algorithm, and a unique numerical value is produced that identifies the contents of the file.

Which of the following best describes cold turkey?

Which of the following countries constitute the Golden Triangle?

Which of the following BEST describes how erased words should be corrected in a police blotter entry?

The basic difference between complaint and information lies:

Intensity of fire simply means;

What is an enemy agent, who has been captured, turned around and sent back where he came from as an agent of his captors?

What is the kind of intelligence required by the commander to provide for planning and conduct tactical and administrative operation in counter insurgency? This pertains to knowledge of People, weather, enemy and Terrain (PWET) used in planning and conducting tactical and administrative operation in a counter insurgency.

The science of measuring traffic and travel, the study of basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation; the application of these knowledge to the professional practice of planning, deciding, and operating traffic system to achieve safe and efficient transportation of persons and goods.

Where 2 or more emergency vehicles, operating as such approach the same intersection from different directions, creating a probability conflict, an officer directing traffic at the intersection must give preference to one and cause the others to yield the right of way. Of the following, the type of vehicle which should generally be given preferences over any of the vehicle is the-

The interview of a witness can be described by its acronym ‘IRONIC’ which stands for:

If the person to be questioned is believed to possess knowledge that is of official interest to the investigator and the subject is deemed to be cooperating with the line of questioning, the said conversation is:

The following are passive counter intelligence measures, EXCEPT:

A clean, straight cut produced by a sharp edge instrument like knife, razor, or bolo.

This agency is primarily tasked to handle matters relating to the protection and conservation of wildlife and natural reserves and other protected areas.

Which of the following is considered to be the most important quality of a good report? This requires for the report to be an exact conformity with the facts.

The following are the categories of classified matters, except:

As a general rule, police reports shall use in what level of persons?

The following are reasons for the license to be revoked, EXCEPT:

It is the policy making body and strategy making body under the office of the president charge with the planning and formulation of policies and programs on drug prevention and control. It is composed of a total ___ number of members.

Which of the following is an example of a third level person speaking?

It is the energy possessed by a material or substance due to molecular activity.

What Special Law punishes the crime of Arson which amends the provision of the Revised Penal Code.

What is the type of informant who uses his seeming desire to give information as an excuse to talk to the police in order to get more information from them than he gives? It is well to feed this informant false information to catch him.

An instrument or document to be employed in a legal transaction or a judicial proceeding that includes the primary essential matters, the appropriate technical phrases or terms, and any additional materials required to render it officially accurate, arranged in suitable and systematic order, and conducive to adaptation to the circumstances of the particular case. This could be in the form of affidavits, sales of personal property, contracts, complaints, etc.

Patrolman Juan dela Cruz submitted an intelligence report evaluated as B-3. What is the interpretation of this evaluated report?

The following are guidelines for taking photographs of a crime scene, EXCEPT:

Which of the following refers to the act that ensures the public that the provisions in the document express the true agreement between the parties? It converts a private document to a public document and renders it admissible in court without further proof of its authenticity.

Is the point where the fireline is progressing faster.

If the materials being consumed are combustible metallic substances such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium and potassium, what class of fire is produced?

The following is the main difference between surveillance and reconnaissance.
I. Surveillance is continues while reconnaissance is intermittent.
II. Reconnaissance has specific objectives while surveillance has general objectives.
III. Surveillance is fixed while reconnaissance is not
IV. Surveillance requires greater manpower while reconnaissance does not

What is the fundamental objective of intelligence?

An inter communication in the police agency which is a common practice. In its simple terms, it is a “note to help the memory”. It may be general in application requiring compliance by or information of a majority of all the officers and members of the police organization.

In this interrogation technique, two agents are employed. One is a relentless investigator, who is not going to waste any time because he knows the subject is guilty. The other is a kind-hearted man.

Which of the following is TRUE?

Comes from the analogy that Internet scammers are using email lures to fish for passwords and financial data from the sea of Internet users. This is also called brand spoofing is the creation of email messages and Web pages that are replicas of existing, legitimate sites and businesses. These Web sites and emails are used to trick users into submitting personal, financial, or password data.

For student permit, applicants must be at least 16 years old and had undertaken the Theoretical Driving Course equivalent to how many hours?

Arrange the following in accordance to the PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group`s model of digital forensic investigation.
Arrange the following in accordance to the PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group`s model of digital forensic
investigation.
I. Examination/ analysis
II. Acquisition
III. Court presentation
IV. Reporting
V. Identification

Which of the following is the first thing that should be done after receiving a complaint or report of an incident?

Is defined as asking somebody a series of questions to gather information. Usually the subject of the line of questioning is the witness.

Upon arrival at the search scene, you happened to catch the suspects perpetuating an online scam. With this, together with your forensic team, you seized the computer, documented everything and preserved the digital evidence. When you are about to finish the search, you saw 2 pieces of cameras partially hidden on the edge of the wall. Are the cameras sources of digital evidences? What will you do?

Which of the following is/are NOT sign/s of death?
I. Cessation of respiration
II. Cessation of heartbeat
III. Cooling of the body
IV. Insensibility of the body and loss of power to move
V. Loss of corneal and light reflexes
VI. Haziness of the cornea
VII. Fixation of the pupil

As a general rule, the size of the bond paper which will be utilized in legal forms is:

Which of the following describes the changes whereby energy such as heat is absorbed or is added before the reaction takes place?

When the direction of the report is either from the top to the bottom or vice versa, it is said to be a:

In order to preserve the integrity of evidence collected or gathered from the crime scene, what must be observed?

All of the following are generally accepted rules of behavior that should be followed by police officer first arriving at the crime scene of a murder committed indoors, EXCEPT:

Decide: Police officer ACD was told by Pedro that Juan sniffed Marijuana at his house. Police Officer immediately went to the location of Juan and thereby saw the latter washing his clothes. The Police officer observed that Juan had an appearance of somewhat a red eye and untidy clothing. With these, he handcuffed him and explained his rights. Also, the whole execution of arrest was recorded. Is the arrest valid?

Which of the following is the correct top to bottom chronological order of security classification of documents?

Physical evidence is generally given weight in the courts because:

Which if the following is NOT a requirement for the admission or confession to be admissible?

Upon arrival at the search scene, you happened to discover that the date and time of the computer does not coincide with the exact real time and date, what will you do?

Who among the following is NOT allowed to operate a motor vehicle?

All pleadings, motions, and similar papers intended for the court and quasi judicial body`s consideration and action shall be written in what font style?

If a person informs the law enforcement on the illicit drug trade within his area for the purpose of
eliminating his rival or competitor, he is a:

Under the Judicial Affidavit Rule, judicial affidavit must be in what form?

If you turn off a gas valve in a gas line so as to prevent the fuel and oxygen from coming together, what method of fire extinguishment are you using?

Which of the following drugs has been known as the “soldiers` disease”?

If you are the investigator-on-case on a shooting incident, after conducting a final survey, you observe that there are no more new physical evidences that are to be collected, what is the next thing you should do?

Person “A” the primary suspect of the crime was brought in the police station for interrogation. In the presence of his counsel, he was asked about the crime committed. He acknowledged of perpetuating the offense but refused to give full details on how it was committed. In this scenario, Person “A” is giving what statement?

What tool is employed by an arsonist to delay the start of the fire and allow him to establish an alibi?

It is best to interrogate a suspect in a “foreign Territory” such as the investigator room at the police station because the place:

In traffic accident, which of the following first accidental touching between traffic units involved in the collision?

What factors are taken into consideration in the determination of the liability of the person found guilty of arson?

What is this mechanical device strategically located in an installation or in the street where a fire hose will be connected?

Every motor vehicle shall have tail lights which should be lighted and visible in at least:

In the efficient use of paper rule set by the Supreme Court, the left hand margin of the document should be how many inch(es)?

Fernando Jose is testifying in court to disprove the criminal charge filed against him. Thus, he is the:

Which of the following BEST describes the difference between rough and finished sketch?

Decide: When two vehicles approach or enter an intersection at approximately the same time, which among them has the right of way?

Autopsies shall be performed in the following cases, EXCEPT:
I. Whenever required by special laws
II. By Order of Court or Fiscal
III. Whenever the case involves adultery
IV. Upon written request of police authorities
V. Whenever the Solicitor General, provincial or city fiscal as authorized by existing laws, shall deem it necessary to disinter and take possession of remains for examination to determine the cause of death
VI. Whenever the nearest kin shall Request in writing by nearest of kin the to ascertain the cause of death

What type of physical evidence links the perpetrator to the crime scene?

This refers to the arrangement of components which will create a structure. This allows the sequencing of the events to portray the incident clearly.

It is the separation of a traffic unit in motion from an object with which it has collided; the force between the object ceases at this time

After the witness is done narrating the facts of the case, what is the next thing you should do as an investigator?